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Seattle Now & Then: City Erased, 1960-61

(click to enlarge photos)

THEN1: Built in 1898 and long known by its neighborhood nickname “the castle,” the turreted house at 605 Jefferson St. stood on a rocky, overgrown slope between Harborview Medical Center and the downtown skyline. This photo was taken from the roof of the nearby Hotel Kalmar in 1956. The freeway reached the block seven years later. (SPL)
NOW1: Architecture graduate Rebecca Schaffer stands at the approximate site of the entrance to “the castle,” today buried under Interstate 5. Two years of archival research made the vanished building feel, she says, like a place she has visited. (Jean Sherrard)

Published in The Seattle Times online on May 21, 2026
and in Pacific NW Magazine of the printed Times on May 24, 2026

UW students resurrect Seattle cityscape that I-5 erased
By Jean Sherrard

Buried ghosts beckon from beneath the concrete of the Interstate 5 corridor. The homes and businesses it displaced in the early 1960s contained the stories of all who lived there — families, laborers and shopkeepers, yes, along with rogues, miscreants and scofflaws.

In its third year, the “City Erased” project has mapped the I-5 corridor from Roanoke Street south to Dearborn — reconstructing, block by block, the neighborhoods that Seattle’s freeway erased. Each year’s students add new buildings, stories and ghosts. (Jean Sherrard)

For the past three years, Elisa Renouard, a lecturer in the University of Washington Department of Architecture, has led her students on a remarkable adventure. Called “City Erased,” the project maps lost neighborhoods plowed under by the great freeway.

“For architecture students,” she says, “this is a surprisingly rare opportunity to dig into old maps,

“City Erased” students work with Sanborn fire insurance maps. The hand-drawn records of every building, block by block were one of their primary tools for reconstructing Seattle’s lost I-5 corridor. From left: McNeille Galindo, Leslie Diaz de Leon Flores, Elisa Renouard, Eljin Gacud, Marcus Estacio, Nalin Chahal, Fernando Herrerias-Reyes. (Jean Sherrard)

photos and city records. For me, it’s a real treat to spend time down the rabbit hole with them.”

Renouard’s students build faithful, 3D digital and physical models, reconstructing streets that no longer exist along with prominent lost structures like the Hotel Kalmar at Sixth Avenue and James Street, a favorite of architect Victor Steinbrueck.

Also included are what Renouard calls “quieter stories” that reveal the ordinary fabric of a city that progress chose to pave. In Seattle and other cities across America, that path fell disproportionately on immigrant neighborhoods and communities of color.

Case in point: “the castle,” a boardinghouse at Sixth and Jefferson whose records drew architecture

Models of buildings lost to I-5 include the Russian Orthodox Church (1895), the Zoe Dusanne Gallery (1948) and the Reynolds House (1890). The models were created by students Skylar Lin, Michelle Vu and Vincent Ragojos respectively. (Skylar Lin)

graduate Rebecca Schaffer into archives and yielded what many old buildings contain — the comedy and pathos of everyday life. Weddings. Burglaries. Speeding tickets. Edward Harris, a “castle” resident facing 29 traffic violations in 1951, admitted to the judge, “I guess my foot’s a little heavy on the accelerator.”

One family gave the building its soul. Tolia “Tony” Tolias, a Greek immigrant and sea captain, arrived in

Looking north from Denny Way, this circa 1960–61 aerial shows the dense Eastlake neighborhood — homes, apartments, and small businesses — just before Interstate 5 carved a corridor through its heart. The highlighted overlay marks the freeway’s projected path. Lake Union is visible at upper left. (Courtesy Ron Edge)

Seattle in 1918 and stayed for more than 30 years. Schaffer says she imagines him in retirement watching the boats come into harbor while the city slowly filled in, views narrowing. Tolias died in 1956, two years before the freeway demolished his block.

“It’s bittersweet,” Schaffer says. “It’s made me feel a sort of grief over a loss that I never knew.”

Student Leslie Diaz de Leon Flores puts it another way. The old records, she says, “provide a treasure hunt to

Models of buildings lost to I-5 include the Russian Orthodox Church (1895), the Zoe Dusanne Gallery (1948) and the Reynolds House (1890). The models were created by students Skylar Lin, Michelle Vu and Vincent Ragojos respectively. (Skylar Lin)

understand the secret lives of buildings — to start to imagine what it was like to live in this city, in this particular year, and to walk down those streets.”

“City Erased” is on display at the UW’s Gould Hall, across from the College Inn. The exhibit runs through May 29 and is free and open to the public.

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